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医疗中文选读：为了将 医疗中文选读：术前分析 临床中文选读：药物吸收 医疗中文选读：拐杖引走 医疗中文选读：ICU读物 医疗中文选读：灌肠国法 医疗中文选读：鼻饲给解毒国法 医疗中文选读：沟服给解毒 国际护士协会护士理应准则 临床中文选读：非传统性遗传 临床中文选读：康复临床 临床中文选读：多蛋白质遗传 临床中文选读：手术之后的管理 临床中文选读：查房准备 临床中文选读：心脏病史 临床中文选读：医疗记录简述 临床中文选读：病史 解毒品说明书：异烟肼 临床中文选读：解剖部位 临床中文选读：药物吸收Resuscitation 为了将 Assessment 分析 Assess the client's unresponsiveness by shaking the client and shouting, "Are you OK?" 吊病患者或指令病患者，分析病患者反可不程度。 Implementation 出台 1. Activate the emergency medical services according to hospital policy and procedure 根据该医院按规定和操作应用程序起动门诊抽射治疗。 2. Observe for chest movement; listen and feel for breaths. 检视背部不一定运动，听、感觉病患者痉挛。 3. If client is breathing and no trauma is present, place client in the recovery position. 如病患者有痉挛、无外伤，将病患者置抽恢复位。 4. If no respirations are detected, call for assistance. 如无痉挛，借助协助。 5. Place victim on hard surface, such as floor or ground, or use the backboard found on the resuscitation cart or the headboard of the hospital bed. If the client must be moved to the supine position, use the log-rolling technique to maintain spinal integrity. 将症状置抽硬面上，如地板或地面，或采行救护队车上的前端或病床床脚板。如需将病患者转回仰卧位，可采行滚木手国法以维持脊椎值得注意。 6. Correctly position for resuscitative efforts. 复苏时正确： A. One-person rescue: face client while kneeling parallel to the client's sternum. 单人救护队：面向病患者，跪膝与病患者脊椎平引。 B. Two-person rescue: one person faces client while kneeling parallel to the client's head. Second person is on the opposite side parallel to the client's sternum. 双人救护队：一人面向病患者，跪膝与病患者脚部平引；一人于病患者另一侧，与病患者脊椎平引。 7. Open the airway. 打开心肌 A. If no head or neck trauma is suspected, use the head-tilt, chin-lift method. 如无脚世颈外伤，可采行侧脚、抬脚举颏国法。 B. If head or neck trauma is suspected, use the jaw-thrust maneuver only. Grasp angles of client's lower jaw and lift with both hands, displacing the mandible forward. 如疑有脚或颈部外伤，只能采行双手托颌国法。双手逃跑病患者下巴尖，抱住，握住前额后仰。 8. Mouth-to-mouth artificial respirations: 沟对沟人工痉挛 A. Adult: a. Pinch client's nose with thumb and index finger and occlude mouth with rescuer's mouth or use CPR pocket mask. Attempt two slow breaths, 1 1/2 to 2 sec per breath. 用拇指和手臂捏住病患者鼻子，救助者张沟挡住病患者沟唇，也可使用CPR袖珍面罩。先引两次比较慢痉挛，每痉挛1.2至2秒。 b. The rescuer should take a breath after each ventilation. 每次人工痉挛后救助者都可不吸一沟气。 c. Allow the client to exhale between breaths. 两次痉挛除此以外可不允许病患者麻醉。 d. Continue with 12 breaths per minute. 再次人工痉挛，每分钟12次。 B. Child （1 to 8 years of age）: 老年人（1-8岁） a. Pinch the victim's nose tightly with thumb and forefinger. Place rescuer's mouth or CPR pocket mask over client's mouth, forming an airtight seal. Give two slow breaths, 1 to 1 1/2 sec per breath. 用手指和手臂捏紧症状鼻子。救助者用沟或CPR袖珍面罩挡住病患者沟唇，呈现出一个密闭心肌。先引两次比较慢痉挛，每次1-1,5秒钟。 b. Pause after the first breath to take a breath. 每一次痉挛后稍停，缩。 c. Continue with 20 breaths per minute. 再次人工痉挛，每分钟20次。 C. Infant: 女婴 a. Place the rescuer's mouth over the infant's nose and mouth, forming an airtight seal. 救助者沟挡住幼儿鼻、沟，呈现出一密闭心肌。 b. Give two breaths slowly at 1 to 1 1/2 sec per breath. 引两次比较慢痉挛，每痉挛1-1.5秒。 9. Continue with 20 breaths per minute. 再次痉挛，每分钟20次。 10. Ambu bag artificial respirations: 救治貂人式痉挛 All ages: 所有年纪 A. Connect oxygen supply tubing to Ambu bag and oxygen flowmeter. Adjust oxygen to 100% FiO2 or ordered rate. 将供氧管与救治貂和流量计相通，将二氧化碳通气至100%吸氧分子量分数或按规定飞行速度。 B. Insert oropharyngeal airway. 接在沟咽导气管。 C. Position the face mask of the Ambu bag over the client's mouth and nose. 将救治貂面罩置抽幼儿沟、鼻。 D. Give slow breaths by squeezing the bag. 捏挤救治貂引比较慢痉挛。 E. Allow time for client to exhale. 留出病患者麻醉时除此以外。 11. If ventilation attempt is unsuccessful, reposition the client's head and reattempt rescue breathing again. If ventilation attempt remains unsuccessful, the airway may be obstructed by a foreign body that will need to be removed. 如人工热忱惨败，重新抽置病患者脚部，再次开始救助痉挛。如再次惨败，心肌似乎有以防积水，需去除以防。 12. Suction secretions as needed or turn client's head to the side if no trauma is suspected. 可不当时吸痰或将病患者脚侧向一侧（如无损伤）。 13. Check for the presence of carotid pulse in and child or brachial pulse in infant. Feel for 3 to 5 sec. 检校正节律：及老年人校正颈横膈膜，女婴校正臂横膈膜。3-5秒。 14. If no pulse, initiate chest compressions. 如无节律，引胸外松开国法。 A. Adult: Place heel of hands, one atop the other, on lower third of the sternum. Lock elbows and maintain shoulders in line with sternum. ：两手相叠，手臂抽于第三脊椎处。双下肢腿在手与脊椎对齐。 B. Child: Place the heel of one hand on the lower half of the sternum. 老年人：将一手臂根抽于下1/2脊椎处。 C. Infant: Place two or three fingers on the lower half of the sternum just below the level of the infant's nipples. 女婴：将2-3根手指抽于下1/2脊椎处，女婴上方。 15. Compress chest downward to proper depth and then release. Maintain constant contact with skin. 向右松开背部至合理高度，松弛。始终维持与皮肤接触。 A. Adult: 1 1/2 to 2 inches （ 4 to 5 cm） ：松开时积水1.5至2尺寸（4-5 cm） B. Child:1 to 1 1/2 inches （2.5 to 4 cm） 老年人：松开时积水1至1.5尺寸（2.5-4 cm） C. Infant:1/2 to 1 inch （1 to 2.5 cm） 女婴：松开时积水0.5-1尺寸（1-2.5 cm） 16. Maintain correct ratio proportionate to number of rescuers: 按救助人数维持正确飞行速度。 One rescuer: 15 compressions, 2 breaths 单人：2次痉挛松开15下 Two rescuers: 5 compressions, 1 breath 双人：1次痉挛松开5下 A. Adult: minimum of 80 to 100 compressions per min ：最少80-100次/分 B. Child: minimum of 100 compressions per min 老年人：最少100次/分 C. Infant: minimum of 100 compressions per min 女婴：最少100次/分 17. Continue artificial respiration. 再次人工痉挛 18. Monitor the adequacy of the compressions during two-rescuer CPR with palpation of the carotid （, child） or brachial （infant） pulse during compressions. 双人胸外松开时扪摸颈横膈膜（或老年人）或臂横膈膜（女婴）监校正松开是否合理。 19. Continue CPR until the rescuer is relieved, client regains cardiopulmonary function independently, or physician directs that CPR be discontinued. 再次引CPR，直到有人替换成，或病患者恢复自主止血功能，或护士指示中止CPR。 20. Use Completion Protocol. 采行常规完成应用程序。 Identify Unexpected Outcomes and Nursing Interventions 表明无意间结果与护理措施。 Record and Report 记录与报告 1. Onset of arrest. 停搏时除此以外 2. Location. 部位 3. Actions taken. 采取的引动 4. 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